[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.iriscrr.cz\/pasivni-elektrokomponenty\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.iriscrr.cz\/pasivni-elektrokomponenty\/","headline":"Pasivn\u00ed (elektro)komponenty","name":"Pasivn\u00ed (elektro)komponenty","description":"Nejprve ty aktivn\u00ed Aktivn\u00ed prvky obvod\u016f jsou ovl\u00e1d\u00e1ny \u0159\u00eddic\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00edm. To rozhoduje o jejich chov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad sp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed nebo […]","datePublished":"2019-10-18","dateModified":"2023-05-05","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.iriscrr.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.iriscrr.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/163f6c65c8acab43fa062eaf19866aeb6d6c2adc4d5c2462700a89e6feec77a0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/163f6c65c8acab43fa062eaf19866aeb6d6c2adc4d5c2462700a89e6feec77a0?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"iriscrr.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.iriscrr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a357047_w3847_t1571729912.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.iriscrr.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a357047_w3847_t1571729912.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.iriscrr.cz\/pasivni-elektrokomponenty\/","about":["Elektro"],"wordCount":367,"articleBody":"\tNejprve ty aktivn\u00edAktivn\u00ed prvky obvod\u016f jsou ovl\u00e1d\u00e1ny \u0159\u00eddic\u00edm nap\u011bt\u00edm. To rozhoduje o jejich chov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad sp\u00edn\u00e1n\u00ed nebo propustnost elektrick\u00e9ho proudu. Pat\u0159\u00ed mezi n\u011b t\u0159eba diody, tranzistory, tyristory, ale i rel\u00e9.\tCo znamenaj\u00ed pasivn\u00ed prvky?Naopak pasivn\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1stky pracuj\u00ed dle fyzik\u00e1ln\u00edch hodnot, kter\u00e9 se nem\u011bn\u00ed ani vlivem nap\u011bt\u00ed, ani prot\u00e9kaj\u00edc\u00edho proudu. Asi jedin\u00fdm faktorem, kter\u00fd by je mohl v\u00edce \u010di m\u00e9n\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat, je teplota v\u00a0jejich okol\u00ed. Do t\u00e9to kategorie pat\u0159\u00ed kup\u0159\u00edkladu kondenz\u00e1tory, induktory, rezistory a r\u016fzn\u00e9 ovl\u00e1dac\u00ed knofl\u00edky.\tRezistoryRezistory, neboli lidov\u011b \u010desky odpory, existuj\u00ed bu\u010f pevn\u00e9, nebo prom\u011bnn\u00e9 a do obvod\u016f se vkl\u00e1daj\u00ed zejm\u00e9na k\u00a0rozd\u011blov\u00e1n\u00ed a sni\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho proudu a nap\u011bt\u00ed. Zat\u00edmco pevn\u00e9 rezistory maj\u00ed hodnotu odporu nastavenou a m\u011bn\u00ed se jen vlivem teploty nebo nap\u011bt\u00ed, u prom\u011bnn\u00fdch ji lze v\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00e9m rozsahu m\u011bnit a upravovat tak funkci ostatn\u00edch sou\u010d\u00e1stek v\u00a0obvodu. T\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem lze prov\u00e1d\u011bt nastaven\u00ed hlasitosti, stm\u00edvat a rozsv\u011bcovat sv\u011btla, nebo se\u0159izovat teplotu. Celkem \u010dasto je mo\u017en\u00e9 se v\u00a0tomto ohledu setkat s\u00a0pojmem potenciometr.\tKondenz\u00e1toryTyto sou\u010d\u00e1stky se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed schopnost\u00ed akumulace elektrick\u00e9 energie. Je sestaven ze dvou elektrod (vodiv\u00e9 desky), odd\u011blen\u00fdmi tzv. dielektrikem (nap\u0159. kondenz\u00e1torov\u00fd pap\u00edr, sl\u00edda, keramika, vzduch). P\u0159iv\u00e1d\u00ed se na n\u011b opa\u010dn\u011b polarizovan\u00e9 elektrick\u00e9 n\u00e1boje, kter\u00e9 jsou vz\u00e1jemn\u011b p\u0159itahov\u00e1ny.\tC\u00edvkyC\u00edvku tvo\u0159\u00ed izolovan\u00fd vinut\u00fd dr\u00e1t, obvykle s\u00a0izola\u010dn\u00ed nosnou kostrou. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1na k\u00a0vytvo\u0159en\u00ed magnetick\u00e9ho pole a s\u00edly, nebo jako nositel induk\u010dnosti k indukov\u00e1n\u00ed elektrick\u00e9ho proudu magnetick\u00fdm polem.\tOvl\u00e1dac\u00ed knofl\u00edkyJsou vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1ny zejm\u00e9na ve spojen\u00ed s\u00a0potenciometry, kdy jsou nasazen\u00e9 na jejich h\u0159\u00eddelk\u00e1ch k\u00a0ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed obsluhou. Pro usnadn\u011bn\u00ed nastavov\u00e1n\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00fdch hodnot jsou opat\u0159eny nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi stupnicemi a barevn\u00fdmi rozli\u0161ovadly.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.2\/5 - (8 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Pasivn\u00ed (elektro)komponenty","item":"https:\/\/www.iriscrr.cz\/pasivni-elektrokomponenty\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]